Íàçàðåíêî Ä.À. Ðîìàí Àéí Ðýíä «Àòëàíò ðàñïðàâèë ïëå÷è» â êîíòåêñòå ôåìèíèñòñêîãî äâèæåíèÿ â ÑØÀ âòîðîé ïîëîâèíû XX â.

Àííîòàöèÿ: Îáúåêòîì íàó÷íîãî èññëåäîâàíèÿ â äàííîé ñòàòüå ÿâëÿåòñÿ îáðàçíàÿ ñòðóêòóðà ðîìàíà àìåðèêàíñêîé ïèñàòåëüíèöû Àéí Ðýíä «Àòëàíò ðàñïðàâèë ïëå÷è». Ïðåäìåò èññëåäîâàíèÿ – ðåïðåçåíòàöèÿ â ñòðóêòóðå öåíòðàëüíûõ æåíñêèõ îáðàçîâ ðîìàíà òî÷êè çðåíèÿ Àéí Ðýíä êàñàòåëüíî æåíñêîãî âîïðîñà. Òàêæå àâòîð óäåëÿåò áîëüøîå âíèìàíèå òîìó, êàêèå îòêëèêè òâîð÷åñòâî Ðýíä íàõîäèëî â ñðåäå ïðåäñòàâèòåëåé ôåìèíèñòñêîãî íàïðàâëåíèÿ àìåðèêàíñêîé ëèòåðàòóðíîé êðèòèêè XX â. Ãëàâíàÿ öåëü èññëåäîâàíèÿ ñîñòîèò â òîì, ÷òîáû îïðåäåëèòü òèï âçàèìîñâÿçè ìåæäó ìèðîâîççðåíèåì Àéí Ðýíä è ôåìèíèçìîì. Èññëåäîâàíèå, ðåçóëüòàòû êîòîðîãî ïðåäñòàâëåíû â äàííîé ñòàòüå, ïðîâîäèëîñü ñ èñïîëüçîâàíèåì òàêèõ ìåòîäîâ, êàê êóëüòóðíî-èñòîðè÷åñêèé, áèîãðàôè÷åñêèé, ñîöèîëîãè÷åñêèé è ñðàâíèòåëüíî-ñîïîñòàâèòåëüíûé. Íàó÷íàÿ íîâèçíà ðàáîòû çàêëþ÷àåòñÿ â òîì, ÷òî âçãëÿäû Àéí Ðýíä íà âîïðîñ ïîëîæåíèÿ æåíùèíû â îáùåñòâå ïðèíÿòî ñ÷èòàòü àíòèôåìèíèñòñêèìè (íà òàêîé òðàêòîâêå âñåãäà íàñòàèâàëà è ñàìà ïèñàòåëüíèöà). Îäíàêî â äàííîé ñòàòüå äîêàçûâàåòñÿ òåçèñ î òîì, ÷òî ó ôèëîñîôèè ðàöèîíàëüíîãî èíäèâèäóàëèçìà, êîòîðóþ ïðîïîâåäîâàëà Ðýíä â ñâîèõ õóäîæåñòâåííûõ ïðîèçâåäåíèÿõ, è áàçîâûõ èäåé ôåìèíèñòñêîãî äâèæåíèÿ åñòü îáùåå îñíîâàíèå.  ñòàòüå ïîëó÷àåò îáîñíîâàíèå òî÷êà çðåíèÿ, ñîãëàñíî êîòîðîé âçãëÿäû Àéí Ðýíä ïî ðÿäó ïðèçíàêîâ ñáëèæàþòñÿ ñ èäåÿìè àìåðèêàíñêîãî ôåìèíèçìà òðåòüåé âîëíû. Àêòóàëüíîñòü äàííîãî èññëåäîâàíèÿ çàêëþ÷àåòñÿ â òîì, ÷òî îíî âíîñèò âêëàä â ðåøåíèå äî ñèõ ïîð îòêðûòîãî âîïðîñà: ñòîèò ëè ïðè÷èñëÿòü Àéí Ðýíä ê ñòîðîííèêàì ôåìèíèçìà èëè ê åãî ïðîòèâíèêàì.

Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà:

Abstract: The object of the present research is the structure of images in the novel written by an American author Ayn Rand ‘Atlas Shrugged’. The subject of the research is the representation of Ayn Rand’s on women and their role in the society through the central female characters of the novel. Nazarenko also pays much attention to the response of the feminist movement to Rand’s writing in the American literary criticism of the 20th century. The main purpose of the article is to define what kind of relationship there is between Ayn Rand’s views and feminism. The research which results are presented in the article has been carried out using such methods as the cultural-historical, biographical, sociological and comparative methods. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that Ayn Rand’s views on the role of women in the society are usually regarded as anti-feminist (Ayn Rand herself insisted on that). However, in this article Nazarenko proves the thesis that the philosophy of the rational individualism followed by Rand in her novels and the basic ideas of the feminist movement actually have mutual grounds. The researcher presents the point of view according to which Ayn Rand’s views have a number of similar features with the ideas of the third-wave American feminism movement. The urgency of the present research is caused by the fact that it makes a contribution to the solution of the question which still remains open. It is the question whether Ayn Rand should be considered to be an adherent or opponent of feminism.

Keywords: