Ïåòðåíêî À.Å. Îöåíêà è ñïîñîáû åå ðåïðåçåíòàöèè â ñòàðîôðàíöóçñêîì ÿçûêå (íà ìàòåðèàëå ðîìàíà Êðåòüåíà äå Òðóà «Ýðåê è Ýíèäà»)

Àííîòàöèÿ: ßçûê ëèòåðàòóðíûõ ïàìÿòíèêîâ ýïîõè Ñðåäíåâåêîâüÿ èíòåðåñåí äëÿ èçó÷åíèÿ íå òîëüêî â ëèíãâèñòè÷åñêîì, íî è â êóëüòóðîëîãè÷åñêîì àñïåêòå. Ñðåäíåâåêîâûå ïîýìû è ðîìàíû ÿâëÿþòñÿ íåêèì ïîðòàëîì â äàëåêóþ îò ñîâðåìåííîñòè ýïîõó è îòðàæàþò îñíîâíûå çàêîíû îðãàíèçàöèè ìèðà, ãäå îíè áûëè ñîçäàíû.  ñòàòüå íà ìàòåðèàëå ïåðâîãî èç ïÿòè ðîìàíîâ Êðåòüåíà äå Òðóà «Ýðåê è Ýíèäà» (XII â.) ðàññìàòðèâàþòñÿ ñïîñîáû ðåïðåçåíòàöèè îöåíêè â ðå÷è, èññëåäóåòñÿ õàðàêòåð îòíîøåíèé ñóáúåêòà è äåéñòâèòåëüíîñòè â îïðåäåëåííûõ èñòîðè÷åñêèõ óñëîâèÿõ, çàäàííûõ ñîöèóìîì è ðàçëè÷íûìè ôàêòîðàìè åãî ðàçâèòèÿ. Ìíîãîàñïåêòíûé ôóíêöèîíàëüíî-ñåìàíòè÷åñêèé àíàëèç îöåíî÷íûõ ïðèëàãàòåëüíûõ, ïðåäñòàâëåííûõ â òåêñòå ðîìàíà, ïîìîãàåò âûÿâèòü íåêîòîðûå îñîáåííîñòè ñðåäíåâåêîâîãî ìåíòàëèòåòà. Ïðîàíàëèçèðîâàâ ñåìàíòèêó îöåíêè, ìåõàíèçìû åå ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ è ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèÿ â ñðåäíåâåêîâîì òåêñòå, ìîæíî ñäåëàòü âûâîä îá îáúåìàõ îöåíî÷íîé êàðòèíû ìèðà è âûáîðå ñðåäñòâ äëÿ åå ðåïðåçåíòàöèè: ñðåäíåâåêîâûé àâòîð íàñûùàåò ïëîòíî óêîðåíèâøèåñÿ â ÿçûêå ëåêñåìû íîâûìè ñìûñëàìè, ÷òî ñâèäåòåëüñòâóåò î íåïðåñòàííîì ðîñòå ÷åëîâå÷åñêîãî ñîçíàíèÿ è ðàñøèðåíèè åãî ïðåäñòàâëåíèé îá îêðóæàþùåé äåéñòâèòåëüíîñòè. Íåêîòîðàÿ çàìêíóòîñòü îöåíî÷íîãî ñëîâàðÿ è óâåëè÷åíèå åãî ôóíêöèîíàëüíîãî ïîòåíöèàëà âèäèòñÿ íåîáõîäèìûì ýòàïîì â ðàçâèòèè ÿçûêà.

Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà:

Abstract: The language medieval literary monuments are written in is interesting not only from the linguistic but also from the cultural point of view. Medieval novels and poems are some kind of a portal to the remote epoch and reflects the main laws of the world and the time when they were written. In this article Petrenko chooses one of the five Chretien de Troyes’ novels ‘Erec and Enine’ (the XIIth century) and analyzes the means of evaluative representation in the language, as well as studies the relationship between a subject and reality in certain historical conditions set by the society and development factors. Multi-aspect functional semantic analysis of evaluative adjectives that can be found in the novel allows the author to define certain peculiarities of the medieval mentality. Having analyzed the semantics of evaluation, mechanism of its development and functioning in the medieval text, the author makes a conclusion about the volumes of the evaluative world image and means of its representations. According to the author, a medieval author enriched established lexical units with new meanings which proves the continuous growth of the human mind and development of the human understanding of the world. Certain restraint of the evaluative vocabulary and a need to increase its functional potential are seen by the author as a necessary stage in the language development.

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